Manus AI Expert: The Complete Guide to Setting Up, Fixing, and Growing Your Manus AI Workspace
Everything you need to know about getting your Manus AI workspace live, secure, and visible on Google — plus when to hire a Manus AI Expert to skip the trial and error entirely.
Table of Contents
- What Is Manus AI
- Why Manus Setup Is Harder Than It Looks
- Connecting a Custom Domain to Manus AI
- Fixing DNS Issues in Manus AI
- Fixing SSL and Security Warnings
- File Upload and Storage Problems
- Database Setup and Connection
- SEO Setup for Manus AI Websites
- Full List of Expert Services
- DIY vs Hiring a Manus AI Expert
- How the Expert Process Works
- Client Results and Reviews
- Frequently Asked Questions
Manus AI is one of the most powerful workspace platforms available in 2026 — but getting it configured correctly is a different matter entirely. The platform’s flexibility is also its complexity. Custom domains need DNS records set precisely. SSL certificates need to be issued and renewed correctly. Databases need to be connected, tested, and structured. File storage needs permissions that align with your security requirements. And none of this shows up in Google until your SEO setup is right.
Most people who try to configure Manus AI themselves spend days — sometimes weeks — stuck on one of these steps. They follow documentation that does not quite match their setup. They make a DNS change and break their email. They install SSL and it still shows a warning. They fix one thing and break another.
This guide covers everything: what Manus AI is, why setup is complex, how each major component works, and when it makes more sense to hand the technical work to a Manus AI Expert who has done it hundreds of times before.
Hire a Manus AI Expert with a 100% job success score. Domain, DNS, SSL, storage, database, and SEO — all done in 24–48 hours.
What Is Manus AI?
Manus AI is a next-generation autonomous AI agent platform that lets individuals and businesses build, deploy, and run AI-powered workspaces. Unlike conventional AI chat interfaces, Manus does not just answer questions — it executes tasks, manages files, interacts with APIs, writes and runs code, browses the web, and produces deliverables autonomously.
Founded in 2024 and rapidly gaining traction in 2025 and 2026, Manus AI is used by founders, agencies, consultants, product teams, and developers to automate complex workflows that previously required significant engineering resources.
What Can Manus AI Do?
- Build and deploy web applications and landing pages autonomously
- Connect to databases and manage data without manual queries
- Handle file uploads, processing, and storage automatically
- Browse the web and extract information for research or analysis
- Write, test, and deploy code across a range of languages and frameworks
- Integrate with external APIs and third-party services
- Serve as a fully customised AI assistant for specific business workflows
Why Are So Many People Using Manus AI in 2026?
The AI agent market has grown explosively since 2024, and Manus has emerged as one of the leading platforms because of its combination of genuine task completion capability, a clean interface, and the ability to deploy real, production-grade outputs — not just text responses. Businesses that previously needed a development team for certain workflows can now automate them through a Manus AI workspace at a fraction of the cost.
However, that capability comes with a technical foundation that needs to be set up correctly. That is where the friction begins — and where a Manus AI Expert delivers the most value.
Why Manus AI Setup Is Harder Than It Looks
On the surface, Manus AI looks straightforward. The interface is clean. The documentation is available. The platform is designed to be powerful without being overly technical from a user-facing perspective.
But the underlying infrastructure is where things get complicated. Setting up a production-ready Manus AI workspace requires getting the following components right — simultaneously, in the correct order, without any component interfering with another:
| Component | What Can Go Wrong | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| Custom Domain | DNS not pointing correctly, propagation delays, conflicting records | Site unreachable or loading the wrong destination |
| DNS Records | Missing A records, wrong CNAME targets, TTL issues | Domain not resolving, email broken, slow global access |
| SSL Certificate | Certificate not issued, mixed content, auto-renewal failure | Browser “Not Secure” warning, visitor trust loss, SEO penalty |
| File Storage (S3) | Bucket permissions wrong, missing environment variables, CORS errors | File uploads failing silently or with errors |
| Database | Connection string wrong, tables not created, data not persisting | Data loss, broken forms, broken user accounts |
| SEO Setup | No sitemap, robots.txt blocking crawlers, missing meta tags | Site not indexed by Google, zero organic traffic |
| Cloudflare Proxy | Proxy conflicting with SSL, wrong mode settings | SSL errors, infinite redirects, site breaking intermittently |
Each of these components has its own correct configuration sequence, and they interact with each other. A Cloudflare setting can interfere with SSL. An SSL configuration can affect how the domain resolves. A database connection string can change depending on whether you are running in development or production. One mistake anywhere in this chain creates problems that can be very difficult to diagnose without knowing exactly what to look for.
A broken SSL warning reduces visitor trust and can cause a significant drop in conversions. A misconfigured DNS can take your site offline and break your email simultaneously. An unindexed site means zero organic traffic regardless of how good your content is. Getting the setup wrong at launch costs far more in lost time and lost opportunity than hiring an expert from the start.
Connecting a Custom Domain to Manus AI
Connecting a custom domain to your Manus AI workspace is the first major technical step most users encounter — and one of the most common sources of frustration. The process involves changes at three different levels: your domain registrar, your DNS provider, and your Manus workspace configuration.
The Domain Connection Process
- Purchase or locate your domain. If you do not have a domain yet, the right domain name matters. It should be relevant to your workspace’s purpose, memorable, and ideally end in .com. Popular registrars include Namecheap and GoDaddy. A Manus AI Expert can advise on domain selection and handle the registration process for you.
- Access your DNS management panel. At your domain registrar or DNS provider (often Cloudflare), you need to locate the DNS management section where you can add and edit records.
- Add the required DNS records. Manus AI workspace domain connections typically require an A record pointing to the server IP address, one or more CNAME records for subdomains (such as www), and TXT records for domain verification. The exact records required depend on your specific workspace configuration.
- Configure the domain in your Manus workspace settings. After updating DNS records, you must tell Manus AI which domain to serve the workspace on. This involves entering the domain in your workspace settings and completing any verification step required.
- Wait for DNS propagation. DNS changes propagate globally over a period of minutes to hours (sometimes up to 48 hours for older registrars). During this window, the site may load correctly for some users and not others depending on which DNS servers have updated.
Common Domain Connection Problems
- Wrong A record IP address — the domain resolves but points to the wrong server
- CNAME conflict with A record — adding both an A record and a CNAME for the root domain causes an error in many DNS providers
- Missing www redirect — www.yourdomain.com loads but yourdomain.com does not (or vice versa)
- Cloudflare proxy interfering — Cloudflare’s orange cloud proxy can conflict with Manus SSL if not configured correctly
- Email records overwritten — making DNS changes without preserving existing MX records breaks email delivery
- TTL set too high — a high TTL means DNS changes take much longer to propagate globally
Fixing DNS Issues in Manus AI
DNS (Domain Name System) is the internet’s phonebook — it translates your domain name into the server address where your Manus workspace lives. Errors in DNS configuration are invisible to most users but catastrophic in their effects: they cause domains not to load, emails to stop working, and security certificates to fail to issue.
The Most Common DNS Problems in Manus AI Setups
Missing or Incorrect A Records
An A record maps your domain name to an IPv4 address. If the A record points to the wrong IP, visitors who type your domain into a browser reach the wrong server — or no server at all. If the A record is missing entirely, the domain does not resolve. This is the most fundamental DNS error and one of the most common in Manus AI workspace setups.
Wrong CNAME Target
CNAME records create domain aliases — for example, making www.yourdomain.com point to the same place as yourdomain.com. An incorrect CNAME target means the subdomain either does not load or loads a different destination than intended. A common mistake is pointing a CNAME to an IP address (which is invalid — CNAMEs must point to another domain name, not an IP).
Missing TXT Records for Verification
Manus AI and SSL certificate providers often require TXT records to verify that you own the domain before they will complete setup or issue a certificate. Missing or incorrectly formatted TXT records cause verification to fail silently, leaving users confused about why their domain or SSL is not activating.
MX Record Conflicts
If your domain has existing email set up (through Google Workspace, Microsoft 365, or another provider), making DNS changes without preserving MX records will break email delivery. This is one of the most damaging consequences of careless DNS editing — emails can stop delivering for hours or days before the problem is noticed.
Cloudflare Proxy Misconfiguration
Cloudflare is widely used as a DNS provider and security layer for Manus AI workspaces. When the Cloudflare proxy (the “orange cloud”) is enabled, all traffic routes through Cloudflare’s network before reaching your server. This is powerful for security and performance — but it requires specific SSL mode settings to work correctly with Manus. Setting Cloudflare to “Flexible” SSL mode when Manus expects “Full (Strict)” mode creates infinite redirect loops or browser SSL errors.
DNS Troubleshooting Checklist
- Verify A record points to the correct Manus workspace IP address
- Confirm CNAME records point to domain names, not IP addresses
- Check that TXT records for domain verification are present and correctly formatted
- Verify MX records are unchanged if email was working before DNS changes
- If using Cloudflare, confirm SSL mode is set to Full (Strict) not Flexible
- Check that no two records conflict with each other (e.g. A record and CNAME for the same subdomain)
- Use a DNS propagation checker to confirm changes have gone global
Fixing SSL and Security Warnings in Manus AI
SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) is the technology that encrypts communication between a visitor’s browser and your website. When SSL is correctly configured, your site loads over HTTPS and browsers display a padlock icon, signalling to visitors that their connection is secure. When SSL is broken or missing, browsers display a “Not Secure” or “Your connection is not private” warning — one of the most damaging messages a website can show.
Why SSL Matters Beyond Security
- Visitor trust: Studies show that over 80% of users will leave a site immediately upon seeing a security warning, regardless of what the site contains
- Google rankings: HTTPS is a Google ranking signal — sites without SSL are disadvantaged in search results
- Browser blocking: Modern browsers can block access to sites without valid SSL entirely, showing a full-screen warning page that prevents visitors from proceeding
- Data protection: Without SSL, data submitted through forms (contact forms, login fields, payment details) is transmitted unencrypted and can be intercepted
Common SSL Issues in Manus AI Workspaces
Certificate Not Issued
Manus AI uses Let’s Encrypt or a similar certificate authority to issue SSL certificates automatically when a domain is connected. This process can fail if the DNS records are not yet propagated, if the domain does not resolve correctly, or if there is a rate limit issue from previous failed attempts. The certificate issuance process needs the domain to be fully resolving to the correct server before it can complete.
Mixed Content Warnings
A mixed content warning occurs when a page loads over HTTPS but some elements on the page (images, scripts, stylesheets) are referenced with HTTP URLs. The browser considers this insecure and displays a warning or blocks the insecure elements. This can happen even when the SSL certificate is correctly installed if older content or embedded resources still use non-secure URLs.
Certificate Expired
SSL certificates have a validity period — typically 90 days for Let’s Encrypt certificates. If auto-renewal is not configured correctly or fails silently, the certificate expires and the site immediately shows security warnings to all visitors. This is easily prevented with correct renewal configuration but is a surprisingly common issue in self-managed setups.
Cloudflare SSL Mode Mismatch
As mentioned in the DNS section, a Cloudflare SSL mode mismatch is one of the most common causes of SSL errors in Manus AI setups. The Cloudflare SSL mode must match the SSL configuration on your Manus server. Incorrect mode settings cause redirect loops, ERR_TOO_MANY_REDIRECTS errors, or partial SSL that shows mixed content warnings.
File Upload and Storage Problems in Manus AI
File storage in Manus AI is handled through S3-compatible object storage (such as AWS S3, Cloudflare R2, or DigitalOcean Spaces). When configured correctly, files uploaded through your Manus workspace are stored reliably, accessible instantly, and served efficiently to end users. When misconfigured, files fail to upload silently, uploads succeed but files are inaccessible, or the workspace throws errors that obscure what is actually going wrong.
Why File Storage Configuration Is Complex
S3-compatible storage requires several independent elements to all be correct simultaneously:
- Correct bucket name and region. The storage bucket must exist in the specified region. A mismatched region causes connection failures that look like permission errors.
- Access key and secret key. The IAM user or API token used to authenticate must have the correct permissions — specifically, s3:PutObject, s3:GetObject, and s3:DeleteObject on the specific bucket. Missing any one of these causes specific types of upload failures.
- Bucket policy. The bucket’s access policy determines who can read uploaded files. A policy that is too restrictive makes files inaccessible to end users even after successful upload. A policy that is too open creates security vulnerabilities.
- CORS configuration. Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) settings on the bucket must allow requests from your Manus workspace domain. Without correct CORS headers, browser-initiated file uploads are blocked by security policies before they even reach S3.
- Environment variables. All storage credentials must be correctly passed to the Manus workspace as environment variables. A missing or incorrectly named variable causes the storage integration to fail completely.
Signs Your Manus AI Storage Is Misconfigured
- File upload progress bar completes but the file does not appear
- Upload fails with a 403 Forbidden or 400 Bad Request error
- Files upload but display as broken images or inaccessible links
- CORS error in the browser developer console during upload attempts
- No error message but uploaded files are not saved anywhere
- Upload works in development but fails in production
Database Setup and Connection for Manus AI
A database is the foundation of any Manus AI workspace that stores user data, saves work between sessions, or handles any kind of persistent information. Most Manus workspaces use PostgreSQL as their primary database, though MySQL and other SQL databases are also supported.
Database Connection Requirements
Connecting a database to a Manus AI workspace requires:
- A provisioned database instance — either self-hosted on a server, or managed through a cloud provider such as Supabase, Railway, Neon, AWS RDS, or DigitalOcean Managed Databases.
- A correctly formatted connection string — containing the database host, port, username, password, and database name in the format the Manus workspace expects.
- Database schema creation — the tables, columns, indexes, and relationships your workspace needs must be created before the workspace can use them.
- Environment variable configuration — the connection string must be passed to the Manus workspace as an environment variable. Hardcoding credentials in application files creates security vulnerabilities.
- Network access rules — the database’s firewall or security group must allow connections from your Manus workspace’s IP address or IP range.
Common Database Problems in Manus AI Setups
- Connection refused: The database is not accepting connections from the workspace IP — usually a network/firewall configuration issue
- Authentication failed: Wrong username or password in the connection string
- Database does not exist: The database was not created before the connection string was added
- Tables missing: Schema migrations were not run, leaving the database empty of the structure the application expects
- Data not persisting: Queries are running but not committing — usually a transaction handling issue
- SSL required: Some managed database providers require SSL connections; omitting the SSL parameter causes connection failures
I provision, connect, and configure databases for Manus AI workspaces — including schema setup, environment variable configuration, and full connection testing. Data tested for real usage before delivery.
Discuss Database SetupSEO Setup for Manus AI Websites
A perfectly configured Manus AI workspace that is invisible to Google is a wasted asset. SEO setup — making your workspace discoverable in search engines — is the final layer of a complete Manus launch. Without it, your site exists only for people who already know the URL.
Why Manus AI Sites Often Miss SEO Setup
Most people who go through the technical effort of setting up domain, DNS, SSL, storage, and database are exhausted by the time those elements work. SEO feels like a second project rather than part of the launch. But skipping SEO setup at launch means your site starts with zero Google index history — a disadvantage that compounds over time as competitors who did set up SEO from day one accumulate ranking history.
What a Complete Manus AI SEO Setup Includes
- Meta tags configuration. Every page on your Manus workspace should have a unique, keyword-relevant title tag (under 60 characters) and meta description (under 160 characters). These are what appear in Google search results and directly affect whether users click on your listing.
- XML sitemap generation and submission. A sitemap tells Google about every page on your site that should be indexed. Without a submitted sitemap, Google discovers your pages only by following links — a slower and less comprehensive process.
- Google Search Console setup. Search Console gives you visibility into how Google sees and indexes your site. Domain ownership must be verified, the sitemap submitted, and any crawl errors addressed. Without Search Console, you have no way of knowing if Google is encountering problems indexing your site.
- robots.txt configuration. The robots.txt file tells search engine crawlers which parts of your site to index and which to skip. A misconfigured robots.txt that disallows all crawling is a common and devastating SEO error — one that is invisible to users but completely blocks Google from indexing any content.
- Canonical URL setup. Canonical tags prevent duplicate content issues by telling Google which version of a URL is the authoritative one — for example, confirming that yourdomain.com is the same as www.yourdomain.com and that Google should not index both separately.
- Structured data (schema markup). Adding schema markup to your Manus workspace content helps Google understand what your site is about, which can result in rich results (star ratings, FAQ dropdowns, breadcrumbs) appearing alongside your listing in search results.
- Core Web Vitals optimisation. Google uses page performance metrics as ranking factors. Ensuring your Manus workspace loads quickly, responds to interactions promptly, and has visual stability affects both user experience and search rankings.
Full List of Manus AI Expert Services
Here is a complete overview of every service available to get your Manus AI workspace from broken or unstarted to fully live, secure, and optimised:
| Service | What’s Included | Typical Delivery |
|---|---|---|
| Complete Manus AI Setup | Full workspace build from scratch — domain, DNS, SSL, storage, database, SEO — tailored to your goals with full walkthrough | 48–72 hours |
| Go Live with Manus | Publishing configuration, access and permissions, full tested live environment | 24–48 hours |
| Domain Purchase and Connection | Domain selection, registration, correct DNS setup, verified connection to Manus workspace | 12–24 hours |
| Connect Existing Domain | Safe DNS migration without breaking email or existing services | 12–24 hours |
| Fix DNS Problems | Full DNS audit, error correction, propagation verification | 4–12 hours |
| Fix SSL and Security Issues | SSL installation or repair, Cloudflare mode configuration, auto-renewal setup | 4–12 hours |
| Fix File Upload and Storage | S3 bucket audit, permission correction, CORS fix, full upload testing | 12–24 hours |
| Database Setup and Connection | Database provisioning, connection string setup, schema creation, real-usage testing | 24–48 hours |
| SEO Setup for Manus | Meta tags, sitemap, robots.txt, Search Console integration, indexing verification | 24–48 hours |
All services include full documentation delivered after completion, so you can manage and update your workspace going forward without needing to come back for every small change.
Describe your situation and I will tell you exactly what needs to be done and give you a fair, transparent quote. No obligation, no commitment required to chat.
Chat Now — Describe Your ProjectAverage response time: under 24 hours. Usually much faster.
DIY vs Hiring a Manus AI Expert: An Honest Comparison
Not every Manus AI task requires expert help. Some users are technical enough to handle certain configurations themselves. Here is an honest breakdown of when DIY is viable and when hiring a Manus AI Expert saves more time and money than it costs.
| Task | DIY Viable? | Expert Advantage |
|---|---|---|
| Basic workspace creation | Yes | Faster initial setup with best practices built in from day one |
| Custom domain connection | Sometimes | Avoids email disruption, DNS errors, and propagation confusion |
| DNS configuration | Risky | Expert handles record types correctly without breaking existing services |
| SSL setup and fixing | Difficult | Cloudflare/Manus interaction requires specific knowledge to configure correctly |
| File storage (S3) setup | Difficult | Bucket policies, CORS, and IAM permissions are complex and failure is silent |
| Database connection | Sometimes | Connection strings, schema setup, and network rules require precision |
| SEO setup | Yes — but often skipped | Expert ensures every element is in place from launch day |
| Diagnosing a broken setup | Rarely | Experienced diagnosis finds the actual root cause, not just symptoms |
The Real Cost of DIY for Complex Issues
When people attempt to fix a broken Manus setup themselves, the typical experience looks like this:
- Search for the error message and find a few Stack Overflow answers
- Try the suggested fix — it does not work or creates a new problem
- Search more specifically — find conflicting advice for different setups
- Make another change — the original error remains but now email is also broken
- Spend 3 to 8 hours across 2 to 3 days cycling through this loop
- Eventually hire an expert anyway — who fixes the original issue plus the new ones in a couple of hours
The expert fee pays for the knowledge of what to do immediately and in the correct order. For business owners and founders whose time is worth more than the service cost, the calculation is straightforward.
How the Manus AI Expert Process Works
The process is designed to be transparent, fast, and low-friction. Here is exactly what happens from first contact to completed delivery:
You share your Manus workspace details and describe what you need — whether that is a full setup from scratch, a specific fix, or something you are unsure how to categorise. No generic intake forms. You get targeted questions that quickly identify exactly what needs to be done.
Based on your description, you receive a clear statement of what will be done, in what order, and at what price. Pricing is based on the actual scope of your project — not a generic rate card that may not fit your situation. No surprises after the fact.
You share workspace access and the work begins. DNS, SSL, storage, SEO, database — or whichever components your project requires — are configured using proven processes. You do not need to touch a single configuration file yourself. Updates are provided during the process.
Within 24 to 48 hours, your Manus workspace is live, tested, and documented. Full documentation is delivered so you can manage it going forward. Support is available after delivery for any questions that arise.
What Clients Say
“Fixed my Manus SSL issue in under 2 hours. I had been stuck for 3 days. The documentation he left was so clear I can manage it myself now. Will 100% hire again.”
“Hired him for the full setup — domain, DNS, SSL, and file storage. Everything worked perfectly on first delivery. Best investment I made for my Manus workspace.”
“My Manus database wasn’t storing files at all. He diagnosed the S3 misconfiguration, fixed it, and set up SEO in the same session. Incredible value throughout.”
Stop losing time to broken setups and configuration errors. One conversation is all it takes to get started.
- 100% Job Success
- 5-Star Rated
- 24–48h Delivery
- Full Documentation
- USA · UK · UAE · Canada · Australia
Average first response: under 24 hours. Custom quote provided before any work begins.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a Manus AI Expert?
A Manus AI Expert is a specialist who sets up, configures, and fixes Manus AI workspaces professionally. This includes connecting custom domains, configuring SSL certificates, setting up DNS records, connecting databases, fixing file storage issues, and optimising the workspace for Google search visibility. Rather than spending days troubleshooting configuration errors, a Manus AI Expert completes the full technical setup correctly the first time — and delivers documentation so you can manage it going forward.
How do I connect a custom domain to Manus AI?
Connecting a custom domain requires updating DNS records at your registrar (Namecheap, GoDaddy, or similar) to point to your Manus workspace. This involves adding A records, CNAME records, and TXT records for domain verification. Errors in this process cause the domain not to resolve, browser security warnings, or email disruption. A Manus AI Expert handles this safely without breaking existing services. Chat now to get your domain connected.
Why is my Manus AI site showing SSL warnings?
SSL warnings are usually caused by a certificate that has not been correctly installed, a misconfigured domain preventing certificate issuance, a Cloudflare SSL mode mismatch, or mixed content where some page elements load over HTTP. These warnings damage visitor trust and reduce Google rankings. A Manus AI Expert diagnoses the exact cause and resolves it permanently, including setting up auto-renewal. Get your SSL fixed today.
Why are file uploads failing in my Manus AI workspace?
File upload failures are most commonly caused by misconfigured S3 storage permissions, incorrect bucket policies, CORS settings blocking browser uploads, missing environment variables, or wrong bucket region. These are difficult to diagnose without experience because failures can be silent — the upload appears to complete but the file is not saved. A Manus AI Expert performs a deep diagnostic to find the root cause and fixes storage configuration permanently.
How long does Manus AI setup take?
A complete Manus AI workspace setup including domain, DNS, SSL, database, file storage, and SEO typically takes 24 to 48 hours. Individual fixes for specific issues — SSL errors, DNS problems, storage bugs — are often resolved within a few hours. Full documentation is delivered after every project.
What DNS records does Manus AI require?
Manus AI workspace domain connections typically require A records pointing to the workspace server IP, CNAME records for subdomains including www, and TXT records for domain verification. The exact records depend on your workspace configuration and whether you are using Cloudflare as a DNS proxy. Incorrect DNS records are one of the most common causes of Manus AI setup failures.
Can you fix my existing broken Manus AI setup?
Yes. A large part of Manus AI Expert work involves diagnosing and fixing existing setups. Common scenarios include domain not loading, SSL warnings, file uploads failing, database not saving data, and workspace not appearing in Google. Each issue is diagnosed individually and fixed permanently with documentation provided. Describe your issue and get a fix quote.
How do I get my Manus AI website indexed by Google?
Getting a Manus AI website indexed by Google requires correct meta tags, a submitted XML sitemap, Google Search Console setup and verification, correctly configured robots.txt, canonical URL setup, and ensuring the domain resolves over HTTPS. Without these in place, Google may not discover or index your workspace. A Manus AI Expert configures all of these as part of a complete SEO setup.
Mudassar Shakeel is a Manus AI Expert, top-rated Upwork freelancer, and founder of Mc Starters. He has helped founders and agencies across the USA, UK, UAE, Canada, Australia, Germany, the Netherlands, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, and South Africa set up, fix, and grow their Manus AI workspaces.
Chat with Mudassar about your projectService Disclosure: This article describes professional services offered by Mudassar Shakeel through Mc Starters. All client reviews quoted are from verified Upwork engagements. Pricing varies by project scope and is confirmed before work begins.